ADHD Treatment Options UK
ADHD treatment is not one-size-fits-all. Most people with ADHD benefit from a combination of approaches. This guide explains the options available in the UK.
Stimulant medication
Stimulant medications are the first-line pharmacological treatment for ADHD. The two main types are methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Medikinet) and amphetamine-based medications (Elvanse, Vyvanse). They are effective in 70–80% of people with ADHD and typically work within days. Side effects can include appetite suppression, sleep disruption, and raised heart rate.
Non-stimulant medication
For people who do not tolerate stimulants, non-stimulant options include atomoxetine (Strattera), guanfacine (Intuniv), and clonidine. These take 4–8 weeks to reach full effect but are non-controlled substances, making them easier to prescribe via shared care arrangements.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
ADHD-specific CBT helps with executive function difficulties, emotional dysregulation, and the secondary effects of living with untreated ADHD (low self-esteem, anxiety, depression). NICE guidelines recommend CBT as an adjunct to medication, particularly for adults.
ADHD coaching
ADHD coaches are not therapists but work with clients on practical strategies for organisation, time management, and goal-setting. Coaching is not regulated in the UK — look for coaches accredited by the ICF or ADDCA with specific neurodiversity training.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a diagnosis to get ADHD medication in the UK?
Yes. ADHD medication is a controlled substance in the UK and can only be prescribed following a formal ADHD diagnosis by a suitably qualified clinician.
What is shared care for ADHD medication?
Shared care is an arrangement where a private clinic initiates medication and titration, then transfers prescribing responsibility to your NHS GP. This avoids the need to return to the private clinic for repeat prescriptions, reducing ongoing costs significantly.